HEFA Feedstock Risk: When Cheap Lipids Disappear

Framework Application: DG-PFF
Jamie R. Gomez, Ph.D. March 08, 2026 12 min read
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A DG-PFF fragility-first analysis of lipid-price distributions, parity probability, and collapse thresholds

When cheap lipids disappear, how quickly does HEFA-SAF parity fail?

Problem statement: This analysis begins where parity mapping ends. It applies DG-PFF to test how rapidly a parity-positive HEFA case fails when low-cost lipid assumptions are replaced with realistic feedstock distributions.

DG-PFF Application Marker

  • Parity condition: MSP_HEFA <= delivered fossil benchmark.
  • Viability region: Imported from Product A parity boundary and tested for persistence under distributional stress.
  • Fragility quantified: Figure 2 reports parity probability and Figure 3 maps viability-region collapse.
  • Collapse threshold: Deterministic collapse at ~$931/tonne (base jet, modeled credit); at $1200/tonne, residual shortfall is ~$0.162/gal even at maximum modeled credit.
  • Parity persistence rule: Parity without persistence is not viability.

Product A: Decision Brief (3-Minute Screen)

Decision Summary

DG-PFF Execution Trace

  1. Parity condition defined against delivered fossil benchmark.
  2. Product A viability region imported from the parity boundary and stress-tested.
  3. Fragility quantified using parity probability response and collapse mapping.
  4. Collapse threshold identified at feedstock breach points with explicit residual gap.
  5. Go/No-Go exposure classes produced for procurement and credit regimes.

Core decision question

What is the probability that HEFA-SAF retains parity when feedstock prices move from optimistic assumptions to realistic procurement ranges?

Decision owner and timing

  • Decision owner: Project developer / lender downside case team / investment committee.
  • Decision timing: Prior to feedstock strategy lock, term-sheet finalization, or FID.

Analytical lens (DG-PFF)

  • Parity condition: MSP_HEFA <= delivered fossil jet benchmark.
  • Fragility condition: parity persistence under feedstock-price distribution shifts.
  • Decision principle: Parity alone is insufficient; viability requires persistence of parity under perturbation.

Required outputs (non-negotiable)

  1. Lipid-price distribution used in screening
  2. Parity probability P(MSP <= jet) across distribution
  3. Collapse threshold where parity disappears
  4. Invalidation map of parity-defined viable region
  5. Structured Go/No-Go output for procurement strategy

Output 1 - Lipid Price Distribution

Modeled lipid-price distribution with parity threshold and stress markers

Figure 1: Feedstock distribution framing. The parity threshold is shown against modeled lipid-price density to indicate how often market conditions support parity.

Required form

  • Empirical or scenario distribution of lipid prices used for screening.
  • Must include source basis and recency date.

Decision statement

  • Under the modeled distribution, ~60.1% of feedstock outcomes remain below the parity-supporting threshold (~$931/tonne).

Output 2 - Parity Probability

Probability of parity curves across fossil-jet and credit scenarios

Figure 2: Probability of parity under credit and fuel-price scenarios. This converts deterministic parity into a decision-risk metric.

Required form

  • P(MSP <= jet) under base and stressed credit assumptions.

Decision statement

  • Under base modeled credit assumptions, parity probability is ~60.1%; under moderate-credit stress it falls to ~15.0% (a 45.1 percentage-point collapse in parity persistence).

Output 3 - Collapse Threshold

Viability-region collapse under feedstock escalation

Figure 3: As feedstock costs rise, the viability region contracts and eventually disappears, indicating boundary collapse rather than a simple upward shift in cost.

Required form

  • Feedstock price threshold above which parity is no longer observed.

Decision statement

  • Above ~$931/tonne (base jet, modeled credit), parity collapses for the deterministic boundary case. At $1200/tonne feedstock, even maximum modeled credit leaves an unrecovered shortfall of ~$0.162/gal.

Output 4 - Fragility Trigger Threshold

Critical feedstock thresholds by credit and jet-price scenarios

Figure 4: Critical feedstock ceilings for parity by credit and fossil-price regime. This is the trigger-threshold translation for diligence use.

Required form

  • Critical feedstock threshold by credit scenario (and at least one jet-price scenario cross-check).

Decision statement

  • At base jet benchmark, the parity boundary requires feedstock <= ~$931/tonne under modeled credit support; above this collapse threshold, parity is unattainable without structural redesign.

Output 5 - Decision Exposure Matrix

Decision exposure matrix for feedstock and credit regimes

Figure 5: Board-level decision matrix mapping feedstock and credit regimes to viable, marginal, fragile, and non-viable states.

Required form

  • 2x2 or 3x3 exposure matrix with explicit regime labels and decision class.

Decision statement

  • Under high-feedstock / low-credit regimes, parity status is non-viable, indicating a no-go unless the procurement and credit regime is redesigned.

Structured Go/No-Go Output

Decision class Handling Trigger condition
Viable Go Parity gap <= -$0.15/gal and parity probability remains high under base assumptions
Marginal Conditional Go Parity gap between -$0.15 and +$0.05/gal; requires procurement and credit-risk mitigation
Fragile Redesign / Defer Parity gap between +$0.05 and +$0.30/gal; parity persistence is weak under plausible perturbation
Non-viable No-Go Parity gap > +$0.30/gal or collapse threshold breached

Current regime highlights from Figure 5:

  • Low feedstock / low credit: Non-viable
  • Mid feedstock / modeled credit: Marginal
  • High feedstock / high credit: Fragile

Constraint Statement (DG-PFF)

Under realistic lipid-price distributions, HEFA-SAF parity persistence is fragile: once feedstock exceeds the ~$931/tonne collapse threshold, the viability region contracts sharply, and at ~$1200/tonne parity remains unattainable even with maximum modeled credit.


Product B: Technical Note (Audit Trail)

1. Decision Context

This note is a Product B fragility-first application of DG-PFF for HEFA-SAF. It evaluates whether parity remains bankable once feedstock uncertainty is represented explicitly.

2. Analytical Lens (DG-PFF)

  • Parity condition: MSP_HEFA <= fossil benchmark.
  • Fragility condition: collapse of parity probability under feedstock escalation.
  • Required relationship: this note must explicitly invalidate portions of Product A parity region under realistic market conditions.

3. Parity Claim Under Distribution

The tested claim is that a parity-positive HEFA case remains decision-grade once feedstock-price uncertainty is represented as a distribution rather than a point estimate.

4. Fragility Metric

Fragility is quantified as:

  • Decline rate of parity probability per feedstock-price shift, and
  • Collapse threshold where parity probability approaches zero.

5. Parity-Fragility Relationship

This fragility note explicitly invalidates parity-defined viable regions from Product A when feedstock outcomes exceed collapse thresholds, even if other assumptions remain favorable.

6. Decision Classification Bands

Decision-matrix classes are based on parity-gap bands (MSP - fossil benchmark):

  • Viable: <= -$0.15/gal
  • Marginal: > -$0.15 and <= +$0.05/gal
  • Fragile: > +$0.05 and <= +$0.30/gal
  • Non-viable: > +$0.30/gal

Band rationale: these ranges convert continuous parity gaps into decision actions for screening, term-sheet diligence, and downside-case governance.

6A. Distribution Source and Methodology

  • Distribution type: lognormal synthetic feedstock-price distribution.
  • Parameterization: centered around base feedstock assumption ($900/tonne) with sigma=0.24.
  • Reproducibility controls: random seed fixed at 42; distribution clipped to [$350, $1900]/tonne.
  • Data and traceability artifacts:
    • assets/data/notes/hefa-feedstock-risk-when-cheap-lipids-disappear/feedstock_distribution_samples.csv
    • assets/data/notes/hefa-feedstock-risk-when-cheap-lipids-disappear/hefa_feedstock_fragility_summary.json
    • scripts/generate_hefa_feedstock_fragility_figures.py

6B. Parity Probability and Collapse Outputs

  • Base modeled credit parity probability (at $2.85/gal fossil benchmark): ~60.1%
  • Moderate-credit stress parity probability (at $2.85/gal fossil benchmark): ~15.0%
  • Deterministic collapse threshold (base jet, modeled credit): ~$931/tonne
  • High-feedstock collapse shortfall: at $1200/tonne, residual gap remains ~$0.162/gal even at maximum modeled credit.

7. Publication Completion Checklist

  • Figure 1 feedstock distribution complete with parity threshold marker
  • Figure 2 parity probability curves complete with scenario labels
  • Figure 3 viability-region collapse figure complete with boundary language
  • Figure 4 critical threshold figure complete with units
  • Figure 5 decision exposure matrix complete with regime classes
  • Decision classification bands disclosed and justified
  • Distribution source and methodology disclosed
  • Parity probability outputs complete (base + stress)
  • Collapse threshold disclosed with units and boundary condition
  • Invalidation map included with labeled thresholds
  • Structured Go/No-Go output included
  • Cross-link to parity note and DG-PFF standard included

This analysis applies the DG-PFF Parity Fragility Framework. This analysis extends DG-PFF beyond hydrogen systems, demonstrating applicability to SAF pathways under feedstock-driven cost uncertainty.

Learn more -> Companion parity note ->